The one of the most famous proverb about the Unix systems is – “Where there is a shell there’s a way” . If you want to directly interact with system kernel, you need a shell. NetApp Clustered Data ONTAP uses the Free BSD operating system on the controllers. You can manage the resources from cluster shell (CLI) or OnCommand GUI . The CLI and the GUI provide access to the same information, and you can use both to manage the same resources within a cluster. Command line is always remains powerful than GUI.
The hierarchical command structure consists of command directories and commands. A command directory might contain commands, more command directories, or both. In this way, command directories resemble file system directories and file structures. Command directories provide groupings of similar commands. For example, all commands for storage-related actions fall somewhere within the storage command directory. Within that directory are directories for disk commands and aggregate commands.
Shells:
- Cluster Shell – ng shell which is used to manage the entire cluster.
- Node shell – A subset of the Data ONTAP 7G and Data ONTAP 7-Mode commands. Using node shell, you can manage a single node.
- System Shell – You have option to access the BSD shell of the controller.
Cluster Shell:
- The cluster shell is accessible from a cluster management logical interface (LIF).
- root user is not permitted .
- The admin user is predefined with a password that is chosen during the cluster setup
- ssh is the default method for non-console logins.
Let’s access the cluster shell using the cluster management LIF. (ssh to the cluster IP)
1.Use the cluster management LIF to login to the cluster shell.
login as: admin Using keyboard-interactive authentication. Password: NetUA::>
2. Just enter the “?” to know the available commands.
NetUA::> ? up Go up one directory cluster> Manage clusters dashboard> Display dashboards event> Manage system events exit Quit the CLI session history Show the history of commands for this CLI session job> Manage jobs and job schedules lun> Manage LUNs man Display the on-line manual pages network> Manage physical and virtual network connections qos> QoS settings redo Execute a previous command rows Show/Set the rows for this CLI session run Run interactive or non-interactive commands in the node shell security> The security directory set Display/Set CLI session settings sis Manage volume efficiency snapmirror> Manage SnapMirror statistics> Display operational statistics storage> Manage physical storage, including disks, aggregates, and failover system> The system directory top Go to the top-level directory volume> Manage virtual storage, including volumes, snapshots, and mirrors vserver> Manage Vservers NetUA::>
3.Just navigate to the cluster directory and see the available options.
NetUA::cluster> ? contact-info> Manage contact information for the cluster. create Create a cluster date> Manage cluster's date and time setting ha> Manage high-availability configuration identity> Manage the cluster's attributes, including name and serial number join Join an existing cluster using the specified member's IP address modify Modify cluster node membership attributes peer> Manage cluster peer relationships setup Setup wizard show Display cluster node members statistics> Display cluster statistics NetUA::cluster>
4. Cluster shell has three privilege levels.
* admin
* advanced
* diag
To change the privilege level from “admin” to “advanced” , use the following command.
NetUA::cluster> set -privilege advanced
Warning: These advanced commands are potentially dangerous; use them only when directed to do so by NetApp personnel.
Do you want to continue? {y|n}: y
To change the current mode to “diag”, use the following command.
NetUA::cluster*> set -privilege diag
Warning: These diagnostic commands are for use by NetApp personnel only.
Do you want to continue? {y|n}: y
NetUA::cluster*>
* – Indicates that shell is in advanced mode or diag mode.
To change shell mode to “admin” , use the following command.
NetUA::cluster*> set -privilege admin NetUA::cluster>
Node Shell:
- The node shell can be accessed within the cluster.
- You can access the node shell in interactive mode or directly execute the commands from the cluster shell.
- This is similar to 7-Mode CLI
- Scope is limited to one node at a time.
- Useful to get he data about the node.
- visibility to only those objects that are attached to the given controller. (disks , aggregates , volumes)
1. To access the Node shell in interactive mode, use the following command. You can back to cluster shell any time by pressing control+D .
NetUA::> system node run -node NetUA-01 Type 'exit' or 'Ctrl-D' to return to the CLI NetUA-01> hostname NetUA-01 NetUA-01>
2. To access the Node shell within the cluster shell ,
NetUA::> system node run -node NetUA-01 hostname NetUA-01 NetUA::>
3.Node shell is very useful to see the node related configuration.
NetUA-01> sysconfig
NetApp Release 8.2 Cluster-Mode: Tue May 21 05:58:22 PDT 2013
System ID: 4079432749 (NetUA-01)
System Serial Number: 4079432-74-9 (NetUA-01)
System Storage Configuration: Multi-Path
System ACP Connectivity: NA
slot 0: System Board
Processors: 2
Memory Size: 1599 MB
Memory Attributes: None
slot 0: 10/100/1000 Ethernet Controller V
e0a MAC Address: 00:0c:29:e5:c3:ce (auto-1000t-fd-up)
e0b MAC Address: 00:0c:29:e5:c3:d8 (auto-1000t-fd-up)
e0c MAC Address: 00:0c:29:e5:c3:e2 (auto-1000t-fd-up)
e0d MAC Address: 00:0c:29:e5:c3:ec (auto-1000t-fd-up)
e0e MAC Address: 00:0c:29:e5:c3:f6 (auto-1000t-fd-up)
e0f MAC Address: 00:0c:29:e5:c3:00 (auto-1000t-fd-up)
NetUA-01>
System Shell:
- The system shell is accessed from the cluster shell or the from the node using “diag” user.
- User “diag” must be unlocked to access the system shell.
- You will get the BSD Unix prompt once you have logged in as diag.
[box type=”info” align=”” class=”” width=””]You can use the system shell to access the BSD environment that the Data ONTAP operating system runs in. You should access the system shell only under the supervision of NetApp technical support. You can access the system shell only as the “diag” user and only from within the cluster shell. Root access to the system shell is not available from Data ONTAP clusters.[/box]
Let’s see how to access the system shell.
1.Login to the cluster LIF using admin user.
2.Unlock the diag user.
NetUA::> security login unlock -username diag NetUA::>
3.Set the password for diag user.
NetUA::> security login password -username diag Enter a new password: Enter it again: NetUA::>
4. Try to access the system shell of node1.
NetUA::> system node systemshell -node NetUA-01 Error: "systemshell" is not a recognized command NetUA::>
System couldn’t find the systemshell command. To access the systemshell , you must be in the advanced shell.
5.Set the privileged level to advanced.
NetUA::> set advanced
Warning: These advanced commands are potentially dangerous; use them only when directed to do so by NetApp personnel.
Do you want to continue? {y|n}: y
NetUA::*>
6. Try to access the system shell of node1 using diag user.
NetUA::*> system node systemshell -node NetUA-01 Data ONTAP/amd64 (NetUA-01) (pts/3) login: diag Password: Last login: Thu Sep 26 10:17:55 from localhost Warning: The system shell provides access to low-level diagnostic tools that can cause irreparable damage to the system if not used properly. Use this environment only when directed to do so by support personnel. NetUA-01%
7. Let’s execute some Unix commands.
NetUA-01% df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Capacity Mounted on
/dev/md0 3.3M 3.3M 55K 98% /
devfs 1.0K 1.0K 0B 100% /dev
/dev/ad0s2 1.0G 366M 658M 36% /cfcard
/dev/md1.uzip 611M 420M 191M 69% /
/dev/md2.uzip 89M 70M 19M 79% /platform
/dev/ad3 242G 3.1G 220G 1% /sim
/dev/ad1s1 5.0M 1.3M 3.3M 29% /var
procfs 4.0K 4.0K 0B 100% /proc
/dev/md3 31M 202K 31M 1% /tmp
localhost:0x80000000,0xac3e9b52 851M 407M 444M 48% /mroot
clusfs 488M 488M 0B 100% /clus
/mroot/etc/cluster_config/vserver 851M 407M 444M 48% /mroot/vserver_fs
NetUA-01% ifconfig -a
lo0: flags=80c9<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 8232
options=3<RXCSUM,TXCSUM>
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000 LOOPBACKLIF Vserver ID: 0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 LOOPBACKLIF Vserver ID: 0
nd6 options=3<PERFORMNUD,ACCEPT_RTADV>
lofb: flags=60088eb<UP,BROADCAST,LOOPBACK,SMART,RUNNING,NOARP,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500
options=28<VLAN_MTU,JUMBO_MTU>
ether 12:34:78:56:34:12
inet 127.0.10.1 netmask 0xfffff000 broadcast 127.0.15.255 LOOPBACKLIF Vserver ID: 0
media: Ethernet PSEUDO Device ()
default-ipspace: flags=60088aa<BROADCAST,LOOPBACK,SMART,NOARP,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 1 mtu 1500
options=28<VLAN_MTU,JUMBO_MTU>
ether 12:34:00:00:00:00
media: Ethernet PSEUDO Device ()
default-ipspace_partner: flags=60088aa<BROADCAST,LOOPBACK,SMART,NOARP,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 1 mtu 1500
options=28<VLAN_MTU,JUMBO_MTU>
ether 12:34:75:00:00:00
media: Ethernet PSEUDO Device ()
localhost_c169.254.0.0/16: flags=60088eb<UP,BROADCAST,LOOPBACK,SMART,RUNNING,NOARP,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 30 mtu 9000
options=28<VLAN_MTU,JUMBO_MTU>
ether 12:34:01:00:00:00
inet 169.254.220.127 netmask 0xffff0000 broadcast 169.254.255.255 CLUSTERLIF Vserver ID: 0
inet 169.254.81.224 netmask 0xffff0000 broadcast 169.254.255.255 CLUSTERLIF Vserver ID: 0
media: Ethernet PSEUDO Device ()
NetUA-01_n192.168.0.0/24: flags=60088eb<UP,BROADCAST,LOOPBACK,SMART,RUNNING,NOARP,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 10 mtu 9000
options=28<VLAN_MTU,JUMBO_MTU>
ether 12:34:03:00:00:00
inet 192.168.0.91 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.0.255 NODEMGMTLIF Vserver ID: 0
media: Ethernet PSEUDO Device ()
NetUA_c192.168.0.0/24: flags=60088eb<UP,BROADCAST,LOOPBACK,SMART,RUNNING,NOARP,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 20 mtu 9000
options=28<VLAN_MTU,JUMBO_MTU>
ether 12:34:02:00:00:00
inet 192.168.0.101 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.0.255 CSERVERMGMTLIF Vserver ID: -1
media: Ethernet PSEUDO Device ()
NetUA-01%
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